Corner Canyon High School · Disney’s Frozen · Projection Design & Setup

Frozen Projection Plot

Three projectors, nine mapped surfaces, one QLab workspace. Hang positions, throw math, beam clearances, the surface map, media specs, and the commissioning procedure — everything needed to get from empty stage to first tech.

FOH / Portal
Panasonic PT‑RQ25K
Onstage / Cyc
Epson EB‑PU2116W
Surfaces
9 mapped
Playback
QLab 5 · Video
Revision
A · 04 Sep 2026
00

Read this first

Three things to settle before anything is ordered, and one that is already fine. The booth head‑clearance survey has been walked and passes; the procedure is kept in §05 for the record.

Go / no‑go on the front‑of‑house stack

This plot puts two Panasonic PT‑RQ25Ks on the portal and the wall legs — one in the tech booth at +5′, one in the spot booth at +18′. That is what doubles the brightness and, more importantly, what puts a second angle on every performer so their shadows fill instead of blacking out (§03, §05). Three things have to be true, and none of them is about the projector:

  1. The spot booth has room and a port. 21.7″ wide × 22.4″ deep, 77 lb, 6″ of free air all round, alongside whatever followspot lives there, with a port that clears the lens at +18′.
  2. The spot booth has its own 20 A / 120 V circuit, separate from the followspot supply. This is the item most likely to be missing.
  3. The MacBook Pro is an M4 Pro or M4 Max. Three projectors means three external displays; base M3 and M4 chips drive two, and no dock or adapter changes that.

If any one of those fails, the show still works on a single tech‑booth Panasonic — the portal drops to 9.5 fc, the Epson trims down to match, and every shadow goes back to being solid. Nothing else in this document changes. But find out now, not after the second unit is on a truck.

Running the Panasonics on 120 V — this is fine

The PT‑RQ25K takes AC 100–120 V or AC 200–240 V, and Panasonic’s own specification footnotes the 20,000 lm figure as applying at either range. You are not giving up brightness by staying on 120 V. Don’t let the reputation of the bigger PT‑RQ35K mislead you — that model drops to roughly a third of its output on 120 V, and the RQ25K does not.

What it needs: one dedicated 20 A / 120 V circuit in the tech booth. At 1,330 W that is 11.1 A, which sits comfortably inside the 16 A a 20 A breaker allows for a continuous load. A 15 A circuit technically fits at 11.1 A against a 12 A continuous limit, but that is under an amp of headroom on a machine with real inrush — not worth the risk on a show circuit. Nothing else on it.

One number to verify. Panasonic lists maximum consumption as 1,490 W (1,520 VA) at 200–240 V but 1,080 W (1,090 VA) at 100–120 V, while quoting Normal mode at 1,330 W. Those figures do not fully reconcile in the published sheet. If the 1,080 W ceiling turns out to be a real cap rather than an inlet rating, you would lose roughly 19% of input power and perhaps 10–15% of light — the portal landing near 8 fc instead of 9.5. That is a trim, not a problem. Measure it at load‑in with the white‑field step in §10 and set the Epson to match whatever the two Panasonics actually deliver together.

01

Venue geometry and how the distances were read

The dimension drawing gives distances but not their endpoints. Four of the five labels resolve to one consistent geometry, so that is the geometry used throughout.

Derivation — every labelled distance checks against a single booth position
Drawing labelReads asCheck
75′Tech booth → plaster line, on centredatum
105′Tech booth → cyc / upstage wall75 + 30 stage depth = 105 ✓
79′Tech booth → proscenium jamb (25′ off centre)√(75²+25²) = 79.06 ✓
85′Tech booth → side wall (40′ off centre)√(75²+40²) = 85.00 ✓
97′Spot booth (+14′) → same 40′ point√(89²+40²) = 97.57 ✓
Working dimensions
ElementDimensionNote
Proscenium opening (house)50′‑0″ W × 21′‑6″ HStage to proscenium bottom 21′‑6″
Working opening (with canvas frame)50′‑0″ W × 17′‑6″ HFrame header drops the opening 4′‑0″
Portal canvas, overall58′‑0″ W × 21′‑6″ H4′ leg each side + 4′ header
Plaster line to cyc face28′‑8″Measured. Cyc face sits ~4″ upstage of the LS30 pipe
Plaster line to upstage wall29′‑2″LS30 to wall 10½″
Apron / pit cover16′‑0″ centre, 7′‑0″ sidesDownstage of plaster
Booth lens height+5′‑0″ above deckMeasured. Spot booth is +18′‑0″
Grid height41′‑0″Electric bottom trim 18′‑0″
Cyc50′‑0″ W × 21′‑0″ HAspect 2.38:1
Wall legs (6)4′‑0″ W × 22′‑0″ HLinesets 6 / 13 / 23, matching the curtain legs

Lineset schedule — measured

Battens are on 8″ centres with a handful of exceptions, all of them around the electrics. Everything in this document is now built on these numbers rather than on the nominal 1′‑per‑lineset assumption the drawings imply.

Working linesets — distances to the plaster line and to the cyc face
LinesetFrom plasterFrom cyc faceCarries
LS 11′‑7″27′‑1″Main border
LS 33′‑7″25′‑1″Electric 1
LS 56′‑4″22′‑4″Border — masks wall legs 1
LS 67′‑0″21′‑8″Wall legs, pair 1
LS 77′‑8″21′‑0″Curtain legs — keep ≥ 21′‑0″ off CL
LS 89′‑0″19′‑8″Electric 2
LS 1213′‑0″15′‑8″Border — masks wall legs 2 and the projector
LS 1313′‑8″15′‑0″Wall legs, pair 2 / Curtain legs — dress the curtains flush at 18′‑6″ off CL or further out
LS 1414′‑4″14′‑4″Epson projector
LS 1717′‑0″11′‑8″Electric 3
LS 2121′‑8″7′‑0″Electric 4
LS 2223′‑0″5′‑8″Border — split, masks wall legs 3
LS 2323′‑8″5′‑0″Wall legs, pair 3
LS 2424′‑4″4′‑4″Curtain legs — keep ≥ 13′‑1″ off CL
LS 3028′‑4″0′‑4″Cyc — fabric ~4″ upstage of the pipe
Wall leg positions — adopted
  • Pair 1 — lineset 6, 7′‑0″ upstage, 22′‑0″ – 26′‑0″ off centreline
  • Pair 2 — lineset 13, 13′‑8″ upstage, 18′‑6″ – 22′‑6″ off centreline
  • Pair 3 — lineset 23, 23′‑8″ upstage, 15′‑6″ – 19′‑6″ off centreline

All six are 22′‑0″ tall, matching the curtain legs. Lineset 23 puts pair 3 exactly 10′‑0″ upstage of pair 2. The lateral positions step inboard 3′‑6″ and 3′‑0″ per pair, which is what keeps each pair out of the shadow of the one in front — see §06.

Each pair has a border 8″ downstage of it — linesets 5, 12 and 22 — and each of those borders trims to the lit line of the panel behind it, hiding the unlightable top. That pairing is what makes the 22′ height work; see §06 for the trims.

02

Projector assignment — and why there is only one answer

With these two lenses the assignment is not a preference, it is arithmetic. Throw ratio is throw distance divided by image width, so each lens can only live in one part of the room.

What each lens can reach
PositionThrowPanasonic + ET‑D75LE6 (1.12–1.32:1)Epson + ELPLX02S (0.35:1 fixed)
Tech booth → plaster75′‑0″56′‑10″ to 67′‑0″ wide — 58′ sits inside the zoom ✓214′ wide — absurd ×
Spot booth → plaster89′‑0″67′‑5″ at full tele — 9′‑5″ too wide, discarded by the warp ✓254′ wide ×
FOH catwalk (est.)~35′26′‑6″ to 31′‑3″ — far too narrow ×100′ wide ×
Lineset 14, 13′‑6″ from cyc13′‑6″10′‑3″ to 12′‑1″ — far too narrow ×38′‑7″ wide ✓
Result

Two Panasonic PT‑RQ25Ks stacked front of house — one in the tech booth at 75′, one in the spot booth at 89′ — both covering the portal frame and, through the opening, the six wall legs. Epson EB‑PU2116W hung onstage on lineset 14, ultra‑short‑throwing the cyc.

The spot booth cannot make a 58′ image: at full tele the ET‑D75LE6 gives 67′‑5″ there, and 58′ would need 1.53:1. That is not a disqualification once it is the second projector rather than the only one — run it at full tele and let its warp discard the extra 9′‑5″ of width (§07). You pay 26% of its brightness and 14% of its resolution for the privilege of a second angle, and §03 explains why that is a good trade.

75′-0″ 105′-0″ 13′-6″ 58′-0″ 38′-7″ lit TECH BOOTH EPSON PANASONIC CYC PORTAL APRON LS 6 · 22-26′LS 13 · 18½-22½′LS 23 · 15½-19½′ SPOT BOOTH +14′ BEHIND — NOT USABLE FOR THIS LENS
Plate 1 · Plan
Scale 1″ = 5′. Amber wedge: Panasonic from the tech booth, 58′ wide at the plaster line and still spreading as it passes the leg panels. Blue wedge: Epson on lineset 14, lens 13′‑6″ from the cyc face on centre, lighting 38′‑7″ of it. Leg panels at their surveyed positions — note how they step inboard going upstage, and how far clear of the blue wedge the lineset‑25 pair now sits.
03

Projectors A and B — the front‑of‑house stack

The two front‑of‑house units, and what the stack adds up to
A · Tech boothB · Spot boothStacked
Distance to plaster75′‑0″89′‑0″—
Lens height above deck+5′‑0″+18′‑0″—
Throw ratio set1.293:11.32:1 — full tele—
Raster at the plaster line58′‑0″ × 36′‑3″67′‑5″ × 42′‑2″—
Trimmed to the 58′ portal?No — exact fitYes, 4′‑9″ each side, by its warp—
Resolution on the portal66.2 px/ft57.0 px/ft—
Illuminance on the portal9.5 fc7.0 fc16.5 fc
Lights the wall legs to18′‑8″ / 19′‑9″ / 21′‑5″17′‑6″ / 17′‑5″ / 17′‑4″tech booth sets the ceiling
Shadow of a 5′‑6″ performerlife‑size, 5′‑6″ to 5′‑8″2′‑2″ to 5′‑3″see §05
Shadow band on the portal5′‑8″2′‑9″solid to 2′‑9″, half above
Why two booths beats two projectors side by side

Stacking is usually about brightness, and you get that — 16.5 fc on the portal, which lands almost exactly on the cyc’s 17.2 and balances the whole picture with nothing dialled down. But the real prize here is the separation. The two lenses are 14′ apart in depth and 13′ apart in height, an 8.4° angular spread as seen from a performer, and that is what breaks up shadows. Put both units in the tech booth instead and you would get more light — 19 fc, matched geometry, far easier alignment — but the two shadows would land on top of each other and you would have solved nothing.

The third benefit is unglamorous and worth real money on a school run: if one projector fails mid‑performance the show continues at half brightness rather than losing the portal entirely.

Projector A — tech booth

Position & optics

Hang data

Location
Tech booth, on centreline
Throw to plaster line
75′‑0″
Lens
ET‑D75LE6
Zoom range on this body
1.12 – 1.32 : 1
Required throw ratio
1.293 : 1
Zoom position
~92% toward tele
Image at plaster line
58′‑0″ × 36′‑3″
Beam centre height
+12′‑0″ above deck
Lens shift (this lens)
±52% V · ±18% H
Keystone (this lens)
±28° V · ±15° H
Image & output

Performance

Light output
20,000 lm (100–240 V)
On‑screen resolution
3840 × 2400
Imaging
3‑chip DLP, 0.8″ DMD
Pixel density at portal
66.2 px/ft
Illuminance, portal plane
~9.5 fc ≈ 9.5 fL
Illuminance, leg pair 1
~8.0 fc
Illuminance, leg pair 2
~6.8 fc
Illuminance, leg pair 3
~5.5 fc
Weight
77.2 lb + lens
Inputs used
HDMI 1 (4K/60p)

Projector B — spot booth

Why the leg pairs get dimmer

The beam keeps spreading past the plaster line, so the same 20,000 lumens cover more area the further upstage a surface sits. Grade the content for leg pair 3 roughly +40% brighter than leg pair 1 so the three pairs read as one world.

Booth installation

Projector menu settings

PT‑RQ25K — show settings
Menu itemSet toWhy
Picture ModeNaturalPredictable gamma for matching to the Epson
Dynamic ContrastOffAuto‑iris pumps on cross‑fades and breaks colour match
Daylight ViewOffAdds saturation you did not author
Frame ResponseFastMinimises offset against the Epson
AspectThrough / NativeNo scaling — QLab owns the geometry
Light Output100% to startTrim down only to match the cyc if needed
GeometryOff unless requiredCorrect optically first; QLab warps second
Standby ModeNormal, shutter closed between actsInstant recovery, no relight delay
No‑signal shutdownDisabledPrevents a dropout from killing the projector mid‑show
04

Projector B — Epson EB‑PU2116W, onstage over the cyc

Position & optics

Hang data

Location
Lineset 14, on centreline
Lens face to cyc
13′‑6″ ± 3″
Lens centre trim
21′‑0″ (19′‑10″–28′‑11″)
Orientation
Inverted (hung), level
Lens
ELPLX02S, 0.35:1 fixed, f/1.9
Image
38′‑7″ × 24′‑1″
Image centre
+10′‑6″ above deck
Vertical offset used
11′‑0″ = 45.6%
Offset range available
+45% to +70%
Horizontal shift
0 (centred)
Image & output

Performance

Light output
16,000 lm
Resolution
1920 × 1200 (3LCD)
Diagonal
546″ (max 1000″)
Pixel density on cyc
49.8 px/ft
Cyc uses
1920 × 1045 px (87%)
Illuminance
~17.2 fc ≈ 17.2 fL
Weight, body + lens
53.5 + 11.0 = 64.5 lb
Rigged weight, est.
~80 lb with yoke
Power
1,118 W (≈ 10 A @ 120 V)
Input used
HDBaseT (or HDMI via fibre)
The stack lands almost exactly on the cyc

The stacked portal sits at 16.5 fL and the cyc at 18.6 fL, all from the same MacBook — a 12% difference, which is inside what the eye forgives across a scenic break. You have room to trim rather than a shortfall to cover — the Epson can come down the last step to match, which is always the easy direction. With a single Panasonic at 9.5 fL the gap was 2:1 and the Epson had to be pulled to half; that is the brightness half of what the second unit buys you. What is left is a colour‑temperature difference between 3LCD and laser‑phosphor DLP, and that is a menu problem.

Choosing the hang position — the whole trade in one table

The lens is fixed at 0.35:1, so the lens‑to‑cyc distance alone sets the image. It also sets the height, and that is the binding constraint: the image is 1.786 × the throw tall, so covering a 21′ cyc needs at least 11′‑9″ of throw before any margin at all. Note the lens face sits roughly 10″ upstage of the mounting pipe — the body is 19.4″ deep with the lens on its upstage end — so the pipe you pick is not the distance the optics see. Confirm that offset against Epson’s dimensional drawing before the yoke is cut.

Epson position ladder — all at a 4′‑0″ performer clear zone
Mounting pipeLens faceImagepx/ftfcMargin over the 21′ cycVerdict
Electric 3 — LS 1710′‑10″31′‑0″ × 19′‑4″62.026.7−1′‑8″FAILS image shorter than the cyc
Lineset 1612′‑2″34′‑9″ × 21′‑9″55.221.24½″ each endtoo tight
Lineset 1512′‑10″36′‑8″ × 22′‑11″52.419.011½″ each endworkable
Lineset 14 — chosen13′‑6″38′‑7″ × 24′‑1″49.817.21′‑6″ each endrecommended
Lineset 1314′‑2″40′‑6″ × 25′‑4″47.415.62′‑2″ each endleg pair 2 lives here

How much cyc do you actually need to light? The lineset‑23 panels mask it from every seat. A patron on centre loses sight of the cyc past 16′‑3″ off centreline; the worst seat in the house — far side, back row, looking diagonally at the opposite panel — sees to 18′‑1″. Lineset 14 lights out to 19′‑3″. Every seat in the house now sees a fully lit cyc, with 1′‑2″ to spare at the worst angle. That is the first arrangement in this whole process where the cyc has been over‑covered rather than short.

Electric 3 misses by one inch — and that is why the projector moved

Electric 3’s pipe sits 11′‑8″ from the cyc face. The minimum throw that produces a 21′‑tall image is 11′‑9″. The electric is one inch short at the pipe, and a projector mounted on it puts its lens roughly 10″ further upstage still — a 19′‑4″ image on a 21′ cyc. No trim, shift or geometry setting recovers that; it is optics. Lineset 14 is the nearest pipe that clears the requirement with real margin.

What lineset 14 gets you

1′‑6″ of image above and below the cyc, so the alignment has somewhere to go. 38′‑7″ of lit width against a worst‑seat visible width of 18′‑1″ each side — full coverage from every seat. And 8″ downstage of leg pair 2 on lineset 13, where the beam is under a foot wide, so the panels and the projector do not interfere.

Three consequences to plan for

Electric 3 is now upstage of the projector and inside the beam. At lineset 17 the beam runs 18′‑2″ to 21′‑0″ across the centre 5′‑2″. Its normal 18′ trim clears by two inches, which is not a clearance. Either trim Electric 3 to 17′‑6″, or keep the centre 5′‑6″ of the pipe clear of fixtures. You keep the electric and its angles either way — a much smaller cost than the 21′ trim an on‑E3 hang would have forced.

The lineset‑12 border does double duty. Trimmed at 17′‑9″ it masks the unlit top of wall legs 2 (§06) and, being well below the 19′‑11″ sightline to the projector body, hides the projector from the front rows as well. One trim, both jobs.

The cyc is brighter than the portal — 17.2 fc against 9.5 fc. Dial the Epson to roughly 55% to match the frame, or keep the headroom for snow and haze. Decide it at the colour‑match step in §10.

Depth of field — the main image‑quality risk

A hung ultra‑short‑throw lens at f/1.9 covers a steeply raked path. The optical distance to the top of the cyc image is about 13′‑6″; to the bottom it is 24′‑11″. No lens holds critical focus across that spread. Focus at roughly two‑thirds down the cyc and expect measurable softness at the extreme top and bottom. Mitigate it by keeping hard‑edged detail — text, thin architectural lines — out of the top 3′ and bottom 3′ of cyc content. Lineset 14 is near the short end of the ladder for this: modest distances, and 49.8 px/ft to absorb what softness remains.

Rigging

Projector menu settings

EB‑PU2116W — show settings
Menu itemSet toWhy
Color ModeNaturalClosest starting point to the Panasonics
Light Source ModeConstant BrightnessOutput does not drift over the run
Image Enhancement / DetailOffSharpening on soft cyc content looks like noise
AspectNormal1:1 — no scaling
ProjectionFront / CeilingInverted hang
Lens LockOn, after alignmentStops a stray remote press losing your map
Lens memorySave as “FROZEN”One‑button recovery after service
HDBaseT → Extron XTPOffOff unless you actually have XTP
Sleep / no‑signalDisabledAs above
05

Beam clearances, fly plot and blocking rules

This is the section the TD, the LD and the choreographer all need. A projector beam is a physical object in the air; anything inside it is either a screen or a shadow.

The Epson beam, lineset by lineset

With the lens on lineset 14 at 21′‑0″, 13′‑6″ from the cyc, the beam envelope at a point x feet upstage of the lens is:

lower edge (ft)  =  21 − 1.556 × x        upper edge (ft)  =  21          <- dead level
half-width (ft)  =  1.429 × x
Beam envelope — anything inside these bounds is in the picture
LinesetUS of plasterLower edgeUpper edgeHalf‑widthVerdict for cyc looks
14 — projector14′‑4″——0source — lens at 21′‑0″
12 — Border13′‑0″———IN @ 17′‑9″ — downstage of the beam; masks wall legs 2 and the projector
13 — wall legs, pair 213′‑8″———IN — 8″ downstage of the lens, no conflict
1615′‑8″20′‑3″21′‑0″0′‑9″keep clear above 20′‑3″ on the centre 1′‑6″
17 — Electric 317′‑0″18′‑2″21′‑0″2′‑7″18′ trim clears by 2″ — trim to 17′‑6″ or clear the centre 5′‑6″
1818′‑4″16′‑1″21′‑0″4′‑6″OUT if anything hangs there
21 — Electric 421′‑8″10′‑11″21′‑0″9′‑3″OUT — as you planned
22 — Border, split23′‑0″8′‑10″21′‑0″11′‑2″must be split — keep the centre 30′ open; inner edges at 15′‑0″
23 — wall legs, pair 323′‑8″7′‑9″21′‑0″12′‑2″clear by 3′‑4″ — inner edge at 15′‑6″
24 — Curtain legs24′‑4″6′‑9″21′‑0″13′‑1″clear if dressed at 15′‑6″ to line up with pair 3
2525′‑0″5′‑8″21′‑0″14′‑1″OUT
27 — Back Traveler26′‑4″3′‑8″21′‑0″15′‑11″OUT
Cyc face28′‑8″0′‑0″21′‑0″19′‑3″target surface
Good news for the LD

Everything downstage of lineset 14 is behind the lens and cannot foul the beam — both borders, the curtain legs, and leg pairs 1 and 2 all drop out of the conversation. Upstage, the only pipes carrying anything are Electric 3 (trim to 17′‑6″ or clear its centre 5′‑6″), Electric 4 and the Back Traveler, which fly out, and leg pair 3, which clears the beam by 3′‑4″. Compared with hanging on the electric itself, you keep Electric 3 at a working trim instead of pushing it to 21′.

The lineset‑22 border has to be split

A full‑width border there would sit squarely in the Epson’s path: at lineset 22 the beam runs from 8′‑10″ up to the level 21′ ceiling across the centre 22′‑4″. A border trimmed at 18′‑0″ to mask the wall legs would take the top three feet of cyc out across most of the picture.

Hang it as two pieces with their inner edges at 15′‑0″ off centreline, leaving the centre 30′ open. That clears the beam by 3′‑10″ and still covers the wall legs, which start at 15′‑6″. Nothing is lost in the middle: the portal header already hides everything above the opening in the centre of the stage, so a full‑width border there would be masking air.

0′10′20′ 30′40′ GRID 41′ DECK PORTAL 21′-6″ CYC 21′-0″ 121417 212327 CYC E3 @17′-6″ E4 OUT EPSON LS14 @ 21′-0″ LS12 border @19′-6″ panels 3 15½-19½′ off CL 4′-0″ performer clear zone level at 21′ lower edge 13′-6″
Plate 2 · Section, looking stage right
Scale 1″ = 14′. The projector sits on lineset 14 with its lens at 21′‑0″, so the top of the beam runs level at 21′ for the whole 13′‑6″ to the cyc. Electric 3 keeps a working trim at 17′‑6″ and clears; Electric 4 and the Back Traveler fly out; the lineset‑12 border stays in at 19′‑6″ to mask the projector from the front rows. The lineset‑23 panels are drawn in section but sit 15′‑6″–19′‑6″ off centreline, outboard of the beam’s 12′‑2″ half‑width there.

Maximum scenery height under the Epson beam

For any point D feet upstage of the plaster line, between 15′‑2″ and the cyc at 28′‑8″:

max unobstructed height (ft)  =  21 − 1.556 × (D − 15.17)
Scenic clearance under the cyc beam
Distance upstage16′18′20′22′24′26′28′
Max height19′‑8″16′‑7″13′‑6″10′‑4″7′‑3″4′‑2″1′‑0″
Blocking rule — give this to the director

The beam’s lower edge drops below head height 3′‑10″ from the cyc. Round it up: no performer within 4′‑0″ of the cyc face during any projected cyc look, or they wear the sky on their back and throw a shadow across it. Mark a spike line 4′ downstage of the cyc in rehearsal.

Snow flooring, ground rows and any upstage rake also live under the numbers above. A 6′ ground row is fine at 26′ upstage but blocks the bottom of the cyc at 28′.

The two front‑of‑house beams over the house

Both Panasonics cross the entire auditorium, from opposite ends of the vertical range: the tech‑booth lens sits at +5′‑0″, 75′ out; the spot‑booth lens at +18′‑0″, 89′ out. That 13′ of height and 14′ of depth is the whole reason for the stack, and it is also what makes each unit behave differently in the two paragraphs below.

Head clearance

The lowest useful ray of each unit runs from its lens to the bottom of the portal legs at deck level. Height above stage datum at distance x from each lens:

tech booth   h(x)  =  5  × (1 − x / 75)
spot booth   h(x)  =  18 × (1 − x / 89)

The spot booth is not a concern — it is above the audience by design and stays over 7′ for the first 60′ of the room. The tech booth is the one that matters, and it starts at chest height: its lowest ray is at 4′ only 15′ out of the booth and reaches the deck at the portal. In practice the tech‑booth beam grazes the heads of the back third of the house, which is exactly why its shadows are life‑size (below) and why the spot booth earns its keep.

One consequence worth knowing

Anyone standing up in the rear of the house during a projected look casts a full‑height silhouette from the tech‑booth unit — but only a partial one from the spot booth, and the two do not coincide. A late seater walking the back cross‑aisle will be visible on the portal at roughly half density rather than as a solid blackout. Worth telling the house manager; not worth redesigning around.

Performer shadows on the portal

Anyone downstage of the plaster line — on the apron, on the pit cover — casts a shadow onto the bottom of the portal. For a performer of height h standing d feet downstage of the plaster line, the shadow reaches up the portal to:

tech booth   =  5  + (h − 5)  × 75 / (75 − d)
spot booth   =  18 + (h − 18) × 89 / (89 − d)
Height a 5′‑6″ performer’s shadow reaches on the portal legs
StandingTech boothSpot boothResult on the portal
At the plaster line5′‑6″5′‑6″solid — no fill at the screen plane
4′ downstage5′‑6″4′‑11″solid to 4′‑11″, half above
8′ downstage5′‑7″4′‑3″solid to 4′‑3″, half above
16′ — apron edge5′‑8″2′‑9″solid to 2′‑9″, half above

The stack does not remove the shadow, it grades it. A performer pressed against the portal blocks both lenses at once and the silhouette is solid — that is geometry, not a fault of the rig, and it is true of any number of projectors. Move them downstage and the two shadows separate vertically, so the upper part of the silhouette fills back in to about 58% of full brightness while the lower part stays dark.

Treat the bottom 6′‑0″ of the portal legs as a shadow band — dark, low‑contrast, low‑detail texture only, with the bottom 2′‑9″ the darkest of it. Do not put a light source, a face, or anything with a hard edge down there.

Performer shadows on the wall legs

The wall legs are lit from front of house, so anyone between a booth and a panel shadows it. With a full company on stage that is most of the ensemble. This is the question the stack was built to answer, so the numbers below are given twice — once for each unit — and then combined.

1 · The tech booth sets the height of every shadow; the spot booth fills the top of it

Because the tech‑booth lens is at chest height rather than up in the air, its rays run almost horizontally and its shadows barely foreshorten: a 5′‑6″ performer casts a 5′‑6″ to 5′‑8″ shadow from anywhere on stage, and a 6′‑2″ performer about 6′‑6″. The spot‑booth lens at +18′ looks down on the same performer, so its shadow is squashed — and the further upstage the panel, the shorter it gets.

Height a 5′‑6″ performer’s shadow reaches on the panel — tech booth / spot booth
PanelAt the plaster lineat 7′ USat 14′ USbeside the panel
Pair 1 · LS 65′‑7″ / 4′‑6″5′‑6″ / 5′‑6″—5′‑6″ / 5′‑4″
Pair 2 · LS 135′‑7″ / 3′‑7″5′‑6″ / 4′‑8″—5′‑6″ / 5′‑5″
Pair 3 · LS 235′‑8″ / 2′‑2″5′‑7″ / 3′‑4″5′‑7″ / 4′‑4″5′‑6″ / 5′‑5″
Read the two numbers as “solid to, then half above”

The lower figure is where the shadow stops being a shadow. Below it both lenses are blocked and the panel is genuinely dark; between it and the upper figure only the tech booth is blocked, so that band still receives the spot booth’s 42% of full brightness — visible as a grey step, not a hole. Above the upper figure the panel is untouched.

The effect is strongest exactly where you need it. On pair 3, a performer at the plaster line used to put a solid 5′‑8″ silhouette on the panel; now only the bottom 2′‑2″ is solid and the 3′‑6″ above it is a soft grey. On pair 1, which the company stands right beside, there is much less to be had — a body against a panel blocks everything, from any angle.

The headline, unchanged

However crowded the stage gets, the company can only ever touch the bottom 6′‑6″ of a panel lit to between 18′‑8″ and 21′‑5″. The top two‑thirds of every wall leg stays clean through the biggest number in the show. Nothing a standing performer does reaches above their own height — that is the one mercy of a low lens, and the spot booth, looking down, cannot reach higher than that either.

2 · Each body still blacks out about half the panel’s width

Magnification runs from 1.0× (standing beside the panel) to 1.32× (at the plaster line, shadowing pair 3), so 20″ shoulders cast a 20–26″ shadow on a 48″ panel — 42% to 55% of its width. Two people abreast in the same corridor still black the panel out.

The stack helps less here than it does vertically. Both lenses are on centreline, so the two shadows of the same body land within 6–8″ of each other laterally — against a 26″ shadow that softens the edges but does not open a gap in the middle. The fill you get from this rig is vertical, not horizontal. Plan for it that way: the top of a silhouette dissolves, the waist does not.

3 · The corridors are narrow, and the centre of the stage is free

A performer only shadows a panel if they stand in the wedge between a lens and that panel. Those wedges are surprisingly tight. Because the spot booth is 14′ further out, its wedges sit a few inches outboard of the tech booth’s — so the union of the two is where any shadow at all falls, and the overlap is where a solid one falls:

Shadow corridors — distance off centreline, each side. Any shadow / solid shadow.
Shadows this panelStanding at the plaster lineat 7′ USjust downstage of the pair
Pair 1 · LS 620′‑1″ – 24′‑1″
solid 20′‑5″ – 23′‑9″
22′‑0″ – 26′‑0″21′‑6″ – 25′‑7″
Pair 2 · LS 1315′‑8″ – 19′‑6″
solid 16′‑0″ – 19′‑0″
17′‑1″ – 21′‑0″18′‑1″ – 22′‑2″
Pair 3 · LS 2311′‑9″ – 15′‑5″
solid 12′‑3″ – 14′‑10″
12′‑11″ – 16′‑7″15′‑2″ – 19′‑3″
Give this to the choreographer

The centre 23′‑6″ of the stage — anywhere inside 11′‑9″ of centreline — shadows nothing, at any depth. That number is set by the tech booth and the spot booth does not widen it, so it survives the stack intact. It is a generous playing area: wider than the gap between the upstage panels, and it covers the whole downstage centre. Rays do not cross the centreline either, so stage‑right bodies can only ever shadow stage‑right panels.

For a full‑company number the ensemble will spread past that band and the bottom few feet of all six panels will churn. That is fine and largely unavoidable — and with two sources it now churns in grey rather than black. Where it matters is a held picture — a tableau, a button, a scene where the legs are carrying the storytelling. For those, keep the company inside 11′‑9″, or accept the shadows and design for them.

CL PLASTER CYC PAIR 1 · LS6 PAIR 2 · LS13 PAIR 3 · LS23 SHADOW-FREE 0 to 11′-9″ off CL at any depth shadows pair 3 shadows pair 2 shadows pair 1 7′13′-8″23′-8″28′-8″ Stage-left half only; stage right mirrors it. Rays never cross the centreline. Scale 1″ = 13′.
Plate 7 · Shadow corridors
Stand in an amber wedge and you shadow the panel at the top of it. Drawn for the tech booth; the spot‑booth wedges sit 4–7″ outboard of these and are not separately plottable at this scale — take the table above for the exact edges. The green band is free from both booths at every depth — 23′‑6″ of playing area across the middle of the stage that never touches a wall leg.
What this means for the content

Treat the bottom 6′‑6″ of every wall leg as a shadow band — the same rule already applied to the bottom 6′ of the portal legs, for the same reason. Ground the columns, trunks or rock faces in darkness down there so a moving shadow reads as depth rather than damage. Above all, no hard horizontal features in that band: a shadow crossing a crisp edge reads as a glitch, while the same shadow crossing soft vertical texture disappears into it.

There is a second band to know about, and it is a brightness step rather than a shadow. The spot booth stops lighting the wall legs at about 17′‑5″ — the portal header masks it there — while the tech booth carries on to 18′‑8″, 19′‑9″ and 21′‑5″ on pairs 1, 2 and 3. Everything below 17′‑5″ gets both units; everything above gets one. See §06 for how to grade for it. The two bands never meet: shadows stop at 6′‑6″, the step starts at 17′‑5″.

Haze

The Epson’s beam runs at a steep rake over the upstage deck. In haze it will read as a visible cone of light. That can be gorgeous — the North Mountain and snowfall looks in your reference photos live in fog — but it is a choice, not an accident. Decide per cue with the LD, and check it during a haze‑on tech.

06

The surface map

Nine mapped surfaces in three planes: the portal frame at the plaster line, six leg panels at three depths upstage, and the cyc at the back wall.

CYC — 38′-7″ lit of 50′-0″ LS 6LS 13LS 23 LS 6LS 13LS 23 PORTAL HEADER — 58′-0″ × 4′-0″ PORTAL LEG 4′ × 17′-6″ PORTAL LEG 4′ × 17′-6″ DECK 0′-0″ 58′-0″ portal canvas 50′-0″ working opening 21′-6″ 17′-6″ Panels are 21′ tall; the header hides the top ~3′-6″. Pair 1 straddles the opening edge — its outer strip is lost to side seats. Shadow band: bottom 6′-0″ of the portal legs is crossed by anyone on the apron. Dashed blue: edge of the lit cyc.
Plate 3 · Surface elevation from the house
Scale 1″ = 13′. Amber: Panasonic surfaces. Blue: Epson surface. Leg panels drawn at their surveyed lateral positions and true height; the portal frame is drawn over them, so what you see is what the house sees. Opacity indicates depth — the upstage pair is the dimmest, at 5.5 fc. Panels drawn at linesets 6 / 13 / 23.
Surface schedule
IDSurfaceSizePlaneProjectorpx/ftfc
S1Portal header58′‑0″ × 4′‑0″Plaster linePanasonic66.29.5
S2Portal leg, house left4′‑0″ × 17′‑6″Plaster linePanasonic66.29.5
S3Portal leg, house right4′‑0″ × 17′‑6″Plaster linePanasonic66.29.5
S4/S5Wall legs, pair 14′‑0″ × 22′‑0″LS 6 · 7′‑0″ US · 22–26′ off CLPanasonic60.68.0
S6/S7Wall legs, pair 24′‑0″ × 22′‑0″LS 13 · 13′‑8″ US · 18½–22½′ off CLPanasonic56.06.8
S8/S9Wall legs, pair 34′‑0″ × 22′‑0″LS 23 · 23′‑8″ US · 15½–19½′ off CLPanasonic50.35.5
S10Cyclorama (38′‑7″ lit)50′‑0″ × 21′‑0″Back wall, 28′‑8″ USEpson49.817.2

Where the leg panels land in the tech‑booth raster

Now that the six positions are surveyed, the starting quads can be computed. A physical point X feet off centreline and Y feet above the deck, sitting D feet upstage of the plaster line, appears in the plaster‑plane raster at:

s  = 900 / (900 + D)                     <- D in INCHES, booth at 900"
X′ = X × s                               <- horizontal, independent of lens height
Y′ = H_lens + (Y − H_lens) × s          <- vertical, needs the surveyed lens height

px = (X′ + 29) × 66.2                    py = (30.125 − Y′) × 66.2
Starting quads — Panasonic raster, 3840 × 2400
PanelScale spx rangepy rangeSize, px
Pair 1 · house left0.915346 – 588634 – 1966242 × 1332
Pair 1 · house right0.9153252 – 3494634 – 1966242 × 1332
Pair 2 · house left0.846660 – 884711 – 1943224 × 1232
Pair 2 · house right0.8462956 – 3180711 – 1943224 × 1232
Pair 3 · house left0.760939 – 1140808 – 1915201 × 1107
Pair 3 · house right0.7602700 – 2901808 – 1915201 × 1107
Both columns are now solid

Quads run corner‑to‑corner on the full 22′ panel, so the warp lands on the taped corners. The lit line falls at py 836 on all six — the same row as the portal header’s bottom edge, because it is the same ray. Horizontal position does not depend on where the lens sits vertically, so the px figures are solid. The py figures are built on the measured booth lens height of +5′‑0″ above the stage deck. Panel heights in pixels do not depend on it at all; only their vertical placement does, and all six shift together.

Are all six panels fully lit?

Short answer: horizontally yes, vertically no. Three separate things can shade a leg panel, and each one bites a different pair. The panel positions below already account for all three — pairs 2 and 3 were moved inboard from the original survey precisely to keep them out of each other’s shadows.

1 · The portal header shades the top of every panel — and a border covers it

Both Panasonics see the stage through the 50′ × 17′‑6″ working opening. That aperture is a physical mask at the plaster line, so nothing upstage of it can be lit above the ray that grazes the header. Where that ray lands depends entirely on lens height, and the two booths are at opposite ends of it. The tech booth at +5′ sets the ceiling — sitting below the header, its ray climbs steeply as it travels upstage, so a low lens lights the upstage panels higher, not lower:

Highest lit point on each panel
PairDepthLit toUnlit topMasking borderBorder bottomSliver left showing
Pair 1 · LS 67′‑0″18′‑8″3′‑4″LS 5, 8″ downstage18′‑7″~1″
Pair 2 · LS 1313′‑8″19′‑9″2′‑3″LS 12, 8″ downstage19′‑8″~1″
Pair 3 · LS 2323′‑8″21′‑5″0′‑7″LS 22, 8″ downstage — split21′‑4″~1″

Each border trims to the lit line of the panel behind it. That is the whole rule, and it works because the border sits only 8″ downstage of its panel and the lit line barely moves between them — the border ends up masking to within an inch of where the light stops, from every seat in the house. Set the bottoms at 18′‑7″, 19′‑8″ and 21′‑4″.

The borders cannot go lower than those numbers — a border below the ray shaves light off every panel upstage of it, so each is a trim to hit, not a range. And note that usable canvas now varies by pair: 18′‑8″ on pair 1, 19′‑9″ on pair 2, and 21′‑5″ on pair 3 — the upstage pair is lit almost to its full 22′. Each leg tile is authored the same, and each pair’s border decides where it stops.

Why the low booth sets the ceiling

A lens at 5′ sits below the header, so the ray through it climbs as it travels upstage and reaches higher on each successive pair. The spot‑booth lens at +18′ sits above the header, so its ray runs almost flat and cuts all three pairs at about 17′‑5″. Had the spot booth been the only position you would have lost 1′‑3″ on pair 1 and 4′‑1″ on pair 3. Counter‑intuitive, but the low position is the generous one here — which is why the tech booth, not the spot booth, is the reference unit for alignment and for grading.

1a · The stack puts a brightness step at 17′‑5″ — grade for it

Because the two lenses cut the panels at different heights, every wall leg has two zones. Below 17′‑5″ both units land; above it, only the tech booth. That is a real, visible step in brightness, and it is at a fixed height you can author against.

Illuminance on the wall legs, by zone
PairTech boothSpot boothBelow 17′‑5″Above 17′‑5″StepHeight of the single‑source band
Pair 1 · LS 67.9 fc6.0 fc13.9 fc7.9 fc1.8×17′‑6″ → 18′‑8″
Pair 2 · LS 136.8 fc5.3 fc12.1 fc6.8 fc1.8×17′‑5″ → 19′‑9″
Pair 3 · LS 235.5 fc4.4 fc9.9 fc5.5 fc1.8×17′‑4″ → 21′‑5″
How to hide the step

Do not try to fix this with a hard mask edge or with projector brightness — it belongs in the content, in the tech‑booth file only.

In the tech‑booth version of each leg tile, put a gain ramp above 17′‑5″ rising to about 1.8× at the top of the lit area, feathered over roughly 12″ so the transition is gradual rather than a line. The spot‑booth version of the same tile gets no ramp at all — it contributes nothing up there. Done that way the two files sum to an even wall from deck to border.

Two practical notes. First, 1.8× on top of an already‑bright tech‑booth image will clip anything near white, so keep the top of the leg content in the mid‑tones — which the design wants anyway, since that band is the least‑seen part of the panel. Second, this only matters on pair 3, where the single‑source band is 4′‑1″ tall. On pair 1 it is 1′‑2″ and mostly behind the LS‑5 border; you can ignore it there if time is short.

The good news: shadows never reach above 6′‑6″ and the step starts at 17′‑5″, so the single‑source band never contains a shadow. The two problems do not compound.

2 · The aperture edge grazes pair 1

Horizontally the opening spreads at ±25′ × (900+D)/900. Pair 1 is the tightest: at 7′‑0″ upstage the aperture has reached ±27′‑4″ and the panel’s outer edge is at 26′‑0″ — 1′‑4″ of margin. Pairs 2 and 3 have 7′ and 13′. Moving pair 1 upstage from 5′ to 7′ doubled this margin, which is a quiet win.

3 · The panels shade each other — this is the real one

Every panel is an opaque object between the booth and the panels behind it, and the beam keeps diverging as it travels — so an upstage pair has to step inboard faster than the beam spreads, or it lands in the shadow of the pair in front. At the adopted positions:

Shadow cast by each pair onto the one behind it
Caster → catcherShadow starts atCatcher’s outer edgeMargin
Pair 1 → Pair 223′‑9″ off CL22′‑6″1′‑3″
Pair 2 → Pair 320′‑7″ off CL19′‑6″1′‑1″
Pair 1 → Pair 326′‑6″ off CL19′‑6″7′‑0″
Curtain legs LS 7 → Pair 2depends on their trim22′‑6″keep inner edge ≥ 21′‑0″
Why pairs 2 and 3 moved inboard

The pairs are only 6′‑8″ and 10′‑0″ apart in depth, so each one has to step inboard faster than the beam spreads or it lands in the shadow of the pair in front. At earlier lateral positions those margins ran as low as 2″ — not a tolerance, but inside the error budget of a hung soft panel. A projector an inch off centreline, a panel drifting in the HVAC, or a survey off by a few inches would put the outer edge of an upstage pair into shadow, and it would show at tech as a dark vertical stripe down the outside of the upstage legs. No amount of warping fixes a physical shadow.

The adopted step — 22–26′, 18′‑6″–22′‑6″, 15′‑6″–19′‑6″ — puts every margin over a foot. It costs nothing elsewhere: pair 3 still clears the Epson’s beam by 3′‑4″, and pulling it inboard narrows how much bare cyc the house can see past it. The worst seat in the house now sees the cyc to 18′‑1″ while the projector lights to 19′‑3″ — full coverage from every seat.

One thing to watch: the curtain legs on lineset 7 sit 8″ behind pair 1 and will shadow pair 2 if they come in too far. Keep their inner edges at 21′‑0″ or further out — ideally dressed to line up with pair 1 at 22′, where they hide in the same shadow.

Prove it with a white field

Geometry on paper is not a hung panel. At load‑in, with the stage clear, fire a full white field from the tech‑booth Panasonic alone — alone, because a second source fills in exactly the shadows you are trying to find — and photograph the panels from centre and from both extreme side seats. Then repeat from the spot booth alone. Any shadow will be obvious, and you will still have time to move a panel six inches. Keep the outer 12″ of every leg‑panel content file low‑contrast and feathered as insurance, so a shadow that does creep in reads as a soft falloff rather than a hard stripe.

CL PLASTER CYC PORTAL LEG aperture edge PAIR 1 · LS6 · 22-26′ PAIR 2 · LS13 · 18½-22½′ PAIR 3 · LS23 · 15½-19½′ 1′-3″ of margin 1′-1″ of margin solid: pair 1’s shadow dashed: pair 2’s shadow both diverge from the booth lens, off-plate 7′13′-8″23′-8″28′-8″ Stage-left half only; stage right mirrors it. Scale 1″ = 12′.
Plate 5 · Leg‑panel shadow stack
Every panel is opaque, so it casts a wedge across everything behind it. Drawn at the adopted positions and measured depths: pair 2 clears pair 1’s shadow by 1′‑3″, pair 3 clears pair 2’s by 1′‑1″. At earlier lateral positions both margins were under six inches.
Sightline warning — pair 1

The downstage panels sit 22′–26′ off centreline, which straddles the 25′ edge of the proscenium opening. From the booth their outer edges land at 24′‑5″ — just 7 inches inside the opening. From any side seat that outer strip disappears behind the portal leg entirely. Keep anything that matters on the inner two‑thirds of the pair‑1 panels. The upstage pairs step inboard and have no such problem.

07

The QLab workspace

License

Unlicensed QLab 5 is limited to one video output device. You have three, and you need masking, warping and video fades — all of which sit behind the licence. Buy a QLab 5 Video licence (or rent for the run). Figure 53 publishes educational pricing; ask for it.

Architecture

One stage, fifteen regions, three output routes. QLab 5 nests these as stage → region → output route → device. Several regions can share one route — that is how one projector covers seven separate physical surfaces — and, just as importantly here, two regions can cover the same rectangle of stage and go to different routes. That second fact is what makes the front‑of‑house stack cost you almost nothing in the workspace.

The stage is a tile atlas: each surface gets its own rectangle of undistorted content space in the Layout tab, and the Warping tab pushes that rectangle out onto its physical target. Designers author flat, rectangular files; the warp does the geometry.

The stack needs no extra content — only extra regions

Every stage rectangle that the tech booth covers is covered a second time by an identical region routed to the spot booth. The two regions read the same pixels and differ only in their warp, so there is exactly one set of content files and the designers never think about the stack at all.

Two things fall out of that, and both are free. The spot booth’s raster is 9′‑5″ wider than the portal — but its warp simply places the content inside that raster and leaves the surplus black, so the warp is the mask and no separate masking is needed. And the brightness ramp above 17′‑5″ (§06) can be baked straight into the shared leg tiles, because the portal header physically stops the spot booth from putting any of that band on a panel. It renders the ramp; the ramp lands on the header, not on the canvas. One file, correct from both positions.

STAGE “FROZEN” — 5760 × 2400 px PORTAL 3840 × 2400 — at (0, 0) routes A + C · both Panasonics CYC 1920 × 808 — at (3840, 0) route B · Epson L1-SR L1-SL L2-SR L2-SL L3-SR L3-SL 6 × leg tiles — 252 × 1388 each · routes A + C spare Content is authored flat, per tile. The Warping tab distorts each tile onto its physical surface in output space.
Plate 4 · Stage canvas atlas
Shown at 1:6. Tiles never overlap in content space, which keeps authoring simple; they overlap freely in output space, which is what mapping means. Seven of these eight tiles are read twice — once by a route‑A region and once by its route‑C twin — so the atlas does not grow when the second Panasonic goes in.
Region schedule — Workspace Settings → Video. Fifteen regions, three routes.
Region nameStage originSizeRouteWarp typeMaps to
PORTAL‑A0, 03840 × 2400A — tech boothPerspectiveS1–S3, 1:1 to raster
PORTAL‑C0, 03840 × 2400C — spot boothPerspectiveS1–S3, inset in raster
CYC3840, 01920 × 1048B — EpsonPerspective*S10, output y 76–1124
LEG‑1‑SR‑A3840, 1048252 × 1388APerspectiveS4
LEG‑1‑SL‑A4092, 1048252 × 1388APerspectiveS5
LEG‑2‑SR‑A4344, 1048252 × 1388APerspectiveS6
LEG‑2‑SL‑A4596, 1048252 × 1388APerspectiveS7
LEG‑3‑SR‑A4848, 1048252 × 1388APerspectiveS8
LEG‑3‑SL‑A5100, 1048252 × 1388APerspectiveS9
LEG‑1‑SR‑C3840, 1048252 × 1388CPerspectiveS4
LEG‑1‑SL‑C4092, 1048252 × 1388CPerspectiveS5
LEG‑2‑SR‑C4344, 1048252 × 1388CPerspectiveS6
LEG‑2‑SL‑C4596, 1048252 × 1388CPerspectiveS7
LEG‑3‑SR‑C4848, 1048252 × 1388CPerspectiveS8
LEG‑3‑SL‑C5100, 1048252 × 1388CPerspectiveS9

* If your cyc is a flat drop, Perspective is correct. If it wraps or curves at the ends, switch that region to Bézier and raise the mesh split to 4 or 8.

Every ‑C region is a duplicate of its ‑A twin at the same stage origin and size. Build the seven route‑A regions first, get them warped and signed off, then duplicate them as a block, rename the copies, switch the copies to route C and re‑warp only those. Nothing else in the workspace changes — not a cue, not a file, not the mask.

Turn off auto edge blending — now for two reasons

QLab feathers regions automatically where they overlap in output space. Two things here would trigger it wrongly. Your leg regions sit inside the portal region’s footprint, so auto‑blend will quietly fade their edges to nothing. And the two Panasonics overlap completely, not at an edge — this is a stack, not a blend, and both units must run at full level over the whole surface. Disable auto edge blends in the Layout tab and leave every region at 100%.

Route settings

The stage mask

One greyscale PNG, FROZEN_MASK_v01.png, at 5760 × 2440. White passes light, black blocks it. It is your hard spill control — it keeps both Panasonics off the proscenium wall above the canvas, off the apron below it, and out of the working opening. One mask serves the whole stage, so it serves routes A and C at once.

Mask — white regions (design values; confirm from the projected grid)
AreaTop‑leftBottom‑rightCovers
Header band0, 5713840, 836S1, full 58′ width
Portal leg HL0, 836265, 1994S2
Portal leg HR3575, 8363840, 1994S3
Cyc tile3840, 05760, 1048S10, fully open
Leg tiles3840, 10485352, 2436S4–S9, fully open

Everything else is black. Build the real mask by tracing a photograph of the projected alignment grid on the actual canvas — the numbers above are the starting geometry, not a substitute for tracing. Add a 3–5 px Gaussian blur to the mask edges so they do not shimmer.

08

Playback machine, signal chain and power

MacBook Pro specification

Minimum viable vs. recommended
ItemMinimumRecommended
ChipM4 Pro or M4 Max — required, not preferred. A base M3 or M4 drives only two external displays; this rig needs three.
External displays3 — hard requirement4, so a confidence monitor is possible
Unified memory18 GB36 GB
Internal SSD512 GB1 TB
Media driveExternal NVMe over Thunderbolt2 TB, ≥2,000 MB/s sustained
Ports needed1 × HDMI + 2 × Thunderbolt for videoPlus a spare Thunderbolt for the media drive
The chip is now a gating item, not a nice‑to‑have

The second Panasonic makes three simultaneous external displays, and Apple’s base M3/M4 silicon supports two — full stop, with no dock or adapter that changes it. If the available MacBook Pro is a base chip, the stack cannot happen on that machine. Settle this before ordering the second projector or booking the spot‑booth position. An M4 Pro drives two external displays plus the built‑in, or three externals with the lid closed; an M4 Max drives four. Either is fine; confirm which one you have and test all three outputs live before tech.

Do not use a DisplayLink dock

DisplayLink docks render video in software on the CPU and will stutter, tear and drop frames under a 4K HAP load. Every video output must be a native DP Alt Mode / Thunderbolt display output, or the machine’s own HDMI port. If you need more ports, use a Thunderbolt dock that passes displays natively — check the spec sheet, not the marketing.

Signal chain

Output topology
OutputChainFormatRun
A → Panasonic, tech boothMacBook HDMI port → EDID minder → certified 48 Gbps HDMI → Panasonic HDMI 13840×2400 @60
(fallback 3840×2160)
≤15 ft
C → Panasonic, spot boothThunderbolt → USB‑C‑to‑HDMI (DP Alt Mode) → EDID minder → fibre‑optic HDMI or HDBaseT TX + Cat6A → Panasonic HDMI 1 / DIGITAL LINK3840×2400 @60
(fallback 3840×2160)
survey — assume 60–120 ft
B → EpsonThunderbolt → USB‑C‑to‑HDMI (DP Alt Mode) → EDID minder → either fibre‑optic HDMI or HDBaseT TX + Cat6A → Epson HDBaseT1920×1200 @60~160–180 ft
(spec 200 ft)

Power

Circuits
LoadDrawCircuit
Panasonic PT‑RQ25K — A1,330 W · 11.1 ADedicated 120 V, 20 A in the tech booth, NEMA 5‑20 (see §00)
Panasonic PT‑RQ25K — C1,330 W · 11.1 ADedicated 120 V, 20 A in the spot booth — not spurred off the followspot supply
Epson EB‑PU2116W1,118 W · 9.3 ADedicated 120 V, 20 A non‑dim at the pipe
MacBook + drive + EDID + HDBaseT TX~250 W120 V on a UPS, minimum 750 VA

The three projectors draw 31.5 A between them, so no two can share a circuit — and none should share with dimmers or anything on the lighting console’s sweep. The spot‑booth circuit is the new item on the electrician’s list, and it is the one most likely to be missing: spot booths are often fed a single 20 A circuit that the followspot already lives on. An 11.1 A projector plus a followspot on one 20 A breaker will hold until the followspot strikes, and then it will not. Check the Panasonic’s cordset when it arrives: a unit configured for 200–240 V may ship with the wrong plug, and you want a NEMA 5‑20P. All three projectors should have no‑signal shutdown and sleep disabled, so a momentary source dropout never turns the show dark.

macOS setup

09

Media specification for the design team

Everything here is authored in‑house, so these are the templates. Hand this table to whoever is building content and hold the line on it — mismatched canvases are the most common reason a mapped show falls apart in tech.

Content canvases
TileCanvasAspectSafe areaNotes
PORTAL3840 × 240016:10Frame ring onlyThe working opening is authored black. Guide layer at px 0–3840 × 571–1994.
CYC1920 × 10481.84:1Avoid top 3′ / bottom 3′ for detail; feather the left and right edgesCovers the lit 38′‑7″ × 21′‑0″ at 49.8 px/ft. Soft focus at the extremes is optical, not fixable.
LEG × 6252 × 13881:5.51Bottom 1178–1352 px, by pair63 px/ft on a 4′ × 22′ panel. The top of the tile never receives light — 210 px on pair 1, 142 on pair 2, only 36 on pair 3 — and is hidden by the border in front. Author those bands black. Pair 1 also loses its outer third to side seats.
Codec & data rate
CodecUse for3840×2400 @301920×1048 @30
HAPDefault. Portal plates, long looping backgrounds~138 MB/s~29 MB/s
HAP QCyc, gradients, anything that banded in HAP~276 MB/s~58 MB/s
HAP AlphaOverlays that need real transparency~276 MB/s~58 MB/s
ProRes 422 LTLow‑motion fallback if storage is tight~35 MB/s~7 MB/s

Rates are worst‑case; Snappy chunk compression typically saves another 20–40% on real content. Budget 1 TB of media for the show and buy 2 TB.

House rules

Encoding

The friendliest route for students is the free AVF Batch Converter. For a scripted pipeline:

ffmpeg -i source.mov -c:v hap   -format hap    -chunks 4 -pix_fmt rgba out_HAP.mov
ffmpeg -i source.mov -c:v hap   -format hap_q  -chunks 4 -pix_fmt rgba out_HAPQ.mov
ffmpeg -i source.mov -c:v hap   -format hap_alpha -chunks 4 -pix_fmt rgba out_HAPA.mov

-chunks 4 lets QLab decode across cores. Keep it at 4 for the 4K tiles and 1–2 for the small leg tiles.

10

Commissioning — from hang to locked map

Budget a full day with the stage clear, and a second full session for the stack — aligning two projectors onto one surface to sub‑pixel accuracy is not a task you squeeze into the end of a load‑in day. Do it in this order; skipping optical alignment and going straight to digital warping is how a map ends up soft and unstable.

  1. Survey and record. Tape‑measure the booth‑to‑plaster distance, the cyc distance, and the six leg‑panel positions. Fill in the worksheet in §15 before anything is hung.
  2. Head‑clearance laser check from the tech‑booth lens position (§05). Resolve this before the shelf is built.
  3. Confirm the spot booth physically works before anything else is ordered: 22″ of depth for the body, a port that clears the lens at +18′, room alongside the followspot, and its own 20 A circuit. If any of those fails, the stack is off and the rest of this section reverts to one Panasonic.
  4. Hang all three projectors. Epson on lineset 14, lens face 13′‑6″ from the cyc and lens centre at 21′‑0″, level and on centre, inverted, safety cabled. Both Panasonics square to their rooms and on centreline. Do not touch a menu yet.
  5. Full white field from each, one at a time. Confirm coverage, confirm no clipping on either booth port, and walk the Epson beam edges against the fly plot. Correct the fly plot now, not in tech.
  6. Optical alignment only, tech booth first. Tech‑booth Panasonic: zoom to 58′‑0″ measured on the deck, then lens‑shift the beam centre to +12′‑0″. Spot‑booth Panasonic: zoom to full tele and stop — do not chase 58′, you cannot get there — then lens‑shift down about 6′ to bring its raster centre to +12′. Epson: shift the image to sit 0′–21′ on the cyc, centred (it will run 38′‑7″ wide, leaving 5′‑9″ unlit at each cyc edge — that is correct, not an alignment error; the leg panels mask all of it from every seat). Focus each. No digital keystone yet.
  7. Tape the corners. Put retro‑reflective tape on all four corners of the portal canvas, all four of the cyc, and the four corners of each of the six leg panels. Twenty‑eight marks. They stay for the run.
  8. Project the alignment grid. Build a 1‑foot grid image per tile with numbered axes and a 50%‑grey field. Store it as a cue named GRID in the workspace — you will use it every night.
  9. Warp the route‑A regions, region by region. Portal first (it is the reference plane), then the cyc, then the leg pairs from downstage to upstage. Pull each region’s corners to the tape. Use Perspective warp; raise mesh splits only if a surface is genuinely curved. Finish route A completely and sign it off before route C exists — the tech booth is the reference and nothing about it should move again.
  10. Duplicate the seven route‑A regions, rename them ‑C, and switch them to route C (§07). Then align the stack:
    1. Kill route A. Warp each route‑C region roughly to the tape, as you did for A. This gets you within an inch or two.
    2. Bring route A back up and stop looking at the tape. From here you align the spot booth to the projected image, not to the physical marks — the eye reads a doubled edge far more finely than a tape measure reads a corner.
    3. Project the grid on both at once and alternate A/B on a fine control‑point grid: nudge, look, nudge back, look. Work one surface at a time and finish it before moving on.
    4. The spot booth is the softer image — 57 px/ft against the tech booth’s 66. Set it so its edges sit just inside the sharper one’s. A soft edge peeking outside a sharp one reads as a halo; tucked inside, it is invisible.
    5. Expect this to take a full session, and expect the last 10% to take half of it. Stop when a 1‑pixel line in the grid looks like one line rather than two, from the centre of the house and from both extreme side seats.
  11. Re‑focus the spot booth after warping. It is throwing 14′ further and its depth of field on the leg panels is shallower than the tech booth’s. Focus it on leg pair 2, the middle depth, not on the portal.
  12. Focus the Epson at two‑thirds down the cyc and accept the top and bottom. Re‑check after any trim change.
  13. Photograph the grid on the real surfaces and trace the mask in Photoshop from that photograph. Export the 5760 × 2400 greyscale PNG, blur the edges 3–5 px, load it into the stage.
  14. Measure actual output. Full white field, meter at the portal face, centre and both ends — take three readings: tech booth alone, spot booth alone, and both. Record all three. The stacked figure is what the Epson trims to, and the two singles tell you what you still have if one unit dies mid‑run.
  15. Colour match, three ways. Project 50% white, then full R, G and B. Match the two Panasonics to each other first — they are the same model, so this should be small, but a mismatch here shows as a colour cast that moves with every shadow, which is far uglier than a static one. Then match the pair to the Epson using RGB gain and colour temperature. The cyc fabric is your reference white, not a test chart.
  16. Shadow‑test the stack with bodies. Put four people on stage at the plaster line, at 7′ and at 14′ upstage, in and out of the corridors in §05, with the grid running. Photograph it. This is the only way to know what you actually bought, and it takes ten minutes.
  17. Verify with motion. Run a slow diagonal wipe across every surface. Straight lines must stay straight across a warp boundary; a kink means a control point is off.
  18. Lock everything. Lens Position Lock on both Panasonics, Epson Lens Lock on, lens memories saved, every menu page photographed, QLab workspace exported to two places. Photograph the stacked grid as your reference image — if the stack drifts later, that photo is how you know.
  19. Verify with the lighting rig live. Bring up the LD’s brightest front‑light look and confirm the portal and cyc still read. This is where you find out whether front light needs shuttering off the canvas.
11

Show operation

Cue structure

Video layers
LayerHoldsTypical fade
10Base plate — the world of the scene3 s
20Mid elements — architecture, ice growth, trees2 s
30Atmosphere — snowfall, aurora, particles4 s
40Hits — flashes, freezes, magic beats0 s, hard cut
90Blackout plate1 s

Pre‑show checklist

Redundancy

The stack gives you something a single projector cannot: if one Panasonic dies mid‑performance, the show continues. The portal and legs drop to roughly half brightness and every shadow goes hard, but the picture is complete and correctly mapped, and nobody in the house will name what changed. Tell the operator this in advance so the instinct is to note it and keep going, not to stop and troubleshoot. Fix it at interval.

A single MacBook is a single point of failure for every image in the show. At minimum, keep a cloned media drive and an exported workspace so a spare machine can be running in ten minutes. If a second Mac is available, keep it powered, loaded and parked behind a manual HDMI A/B switch on all three outputs — that turns a show‑stop into a fifteen‑second gap. Export the workspace at the end of every rehearsal and every performance; date the file.

12

Designing content for these three surfaces

The three surface groups have very different resolutions, brightnesses and shadow risks. Content that ignores that will look like three unrelated shows.

What each surface is good for
SurfaceDensityStrengthsAvoid
Portal frame66 px/ftYour hero surface. Sharp, bright, on a flat plane, never blocked above 6′. Carry the architectural detail here — frost growth, ice filigree, carved stone, the show’s proscenium identity.Detail in the bottom 6′ (shadow band). Fast motion in the header — it sits in peripheral vision and reads as flicker.
Leg panels50–62 px/ftVertical texture: birch and pine trunks, ice columns, rock faces, hanging icicles. Slow drift and slow parallax read beautifully. Compose for the lit height of each pair — 18′‑8″ / 19′‑9″ / 21′‑5″ of a 22′ panel — and keep the lowest 6′‑6″ dark and soft, because that is where the company’s shadows live (§05).Fast motion — performers cross in front constantly and moving content behind a moving body reads as a glitch. Also avoid content above 17′‑8″, which is masked on every pair.
Cyc50 px/ftSky, aurora, distant landscape, snowfall, gradients, weather. Soft, atmospheric, wide. This is where scale comes from.Text, thin lines, hard edges, anything that needs to be read. Detail in the top 3′ and bottom 3′, which are optically soft.

Working with the lighting designer

Aspect ratio, the thing that catches everyone

Your lit cyc area is 1.84:1 and the Epson raster is 16:10. A full‑frame 16:10 image projected to fill 38′‑7″ of width would be 24′‑1″ tall — three feet of it landing on the floor and the grid. That is why the CYC tile is authored at 1920 × 1048, not 1920 × 1200. That spare 3′ is not waste, it is the alignment margin: 1′‑6″ above and below the cyc. Anyone handing you a 16:9 file for the cyc has to re‑frame it, not letterbox it. Build the 2.38:1 crop into the design from the first storyboard.

13

Scene plates — two worked examples

Everything above describes the map. These two plates show it carrying a scene: how a look distributes across the portal frame, the six leg panels and the cyc, at true geometry and true proportion. Both are original compositions built for this venue — your licence covers the script and score, not another production’s scenic design, so every plate here is drawn from scratch.

Scene
Isolate
Plate 6 · Scene render
From the house, on centreline. Scale 1″ = 20′. Portal 58′‑0″ × 21′‑6″ with a 50′ × 17′‑6″ opening; leg panels at linesets 6 / 13 / 23 drawn in perspective; cyc showing the 38′‑7″ lit of 50′‑0″.

Let It Go

Act I · The North Mountain

Surface breakdown — what each tile carries
TileCanvasContentMotion

Layer plan for this look

QLab layers — numbering per §11
LayerCueFade
Reading the plates

Show surface map outlines all nine tiles so you can see where one file ends and the next begins. Show unlightable zones marks what the geometry will not let you reach: the top 4′ of every 22′ wall leg, which sits above the ray grazing the portal header, and the strips of cyc outside the lit 38′‑7″. The borders on linesets 5, 12 and 22 hide the leg tops from the house, so author those bands black and forget them; the cyc strips are masked by the wall legs themselves. Isolate dims everything but one surface group, which is the fastest way to check whether a plate still reads when the other two go dark.

Notes for whoever builds these

14

Troubleshooting

Common failures, in order of how often they happen
SymptomMost likely causeFix
Map is off by a few inches on the cyc onlyLineset trim driftedFire GRID, bring the set to its trim mark. Fit a hard trim stop. Long term: dead‑hang it.
One output goes black and QLab shows a missing deviceProjector powered down; macOS renumbered displaysEDID minder on that output. Re‑assign the route, then fix the root cause.
Leg‑panel edges fade out on their ownQLab auto edge blend on overlapping regionsDisable auto edge blends in the Layout tab (§07).
Stutter or dropped frames on the 4K tileToo many simultaneous HAP layers, or a slow media driveCap at two 4K layers. Move media to an NVMe over Thunderbolt. Re‑encode HAP Q to HAP.
Portal looks washed out under lightsFront‑light spill on the canvasShutter and frame the FOH off the portal face. Check the box booms first.
Cyc soft at the top or bottomDepth of field — inherent to the UST hangRe‑focus at two‑thirds height. Move detail out of the extremes. Moving the projector further upstage shortens the focus spread.
Faint second image on the portalProjecting through booth glassOpen the port, or tilt the glass 5–7°.
Colours drift between actsDynamic contrast / auto‑iris activeTurn off Dynamic Contrast on both Panasonics and set the Epson to Constant Brightness. If only one of the pair has it on, the colour shift moves with every shadow.
Shadow sweeping across the cycPerformer inside the 4′ clear zoneRe‑spike and re‑block. It is geometry, not something you can fix in QLab.
Panasonic dimmer than expectedLight Output trimmed, Eco mode, or a shared circuit sagging under load120 V is not the cause — the RQ25K makes full output there. Check Light Output is at 100%, mode is Normal, and the circuit is dedicated.
Whole portal is dim and looks slightly softOne of the two Panasonics is off, shuttered, or lost its signalThe most common stack failure, and the easiest to miss — a single unit still makes a complete picture. Check both bodies and both routes before touching anything else. Add it to the pre‑show list (§11).
Everything on the portal has a faint ghost or haloStack registration has driftedFire GRID and compare against the reference photo from §10. Re‑align the spot booth to the tech booth — never the other way round. If it drifts more than once, the spot‑booth shelf is moving; brace it.
Colour cast that moves with the performersThe two Panasonics are not matched to each otherRe‑run the Panasonic‑to‑Panasonic match in §10. Where one unit is shadowed the other’s cast shows alone, so a mismatch you cannot see on a clear stage becomes obvious with bodies in front of it.
Visible horizontal brightness line across the wall legsThe 17′‑5″ single‑source step, ungraded or graded too hardAdjust the gain ramp in the leg content (§06). It is a content fix, never a projector or mask fix. Feather it over about 12″.
15

Verify list — take this to the theatre

Every number in this document that came from a drawing rather than a tape measure. Confirm these before load‑in and the plot holds; skip them and you will be re‑warping in tech.

Survey worksheet
MeasureAssumedActualWhy it matters
Epson lens part numberELPLX02S confirmed✓Re‑check if a lens is ever swapped
Tech booth lens → plaster line75′‑0″ survey agrees__________Sets the whole route‑A zoom calculation
Tech booth lens height above deck+5′‑0″ measured✓Sets the lit line on every panel and the shadow band
Tech booth circuit120 V, 20 A dedicated__________11.1 A continuous; confirm a NEMA 5‑20 receptacle and the right cordset
Spot booth lens → plaster line89′‑0″ assumed__________Must land inside 65′–76′7″ for a 58′ image; beyond that it runs full tele and over‑fills, which is the plan
Spot booth lens height above deck+18′‑0″ stated__________Sets where it stops lighting the wall legs (~17′‑5″) and how much shadow fill you get
Spot booth — will the body fit?22″ deep × 21.7″ wide, 77 lb, alongside the followspot__________Go/no‑go for the whole stack. Needs shelf depth, 6″ of air all round, and a port that clears the lens
Spot booth circuit120 V, 20 A dedicated, separate from the followspot__________Most likely missing item. A projector and a followspot on one 20 A breaker will trip
Cable path, tech booth → spot boothAssume 60–120 ft, fibre HDMI or HDBaseT__________4K/60 will not survive passive HDMI past ~25′
MacBook Pro chipM4 Pro or M4 Max__________Base M3/M4 drives only two external displays. Three are required — no dock fixes this
Measured portal illuminance~9.5 / 7.0 / 16.5 fc (A / C / stacked)__________White field at load‑in, three readings; the stacked figure sets where the Epson trims to
Cyc face → Epson lens face13′‑6″ (lineset 14)__________Fixed lens — this distance sets image width exactly
Lens height at lineset 1421′‑0″ (19′‑10″ hard min)__________Measure the lens centre, not the pipe
Lens face offset from the mounting pipe~10″ upstage__________From Epson’s dimensional drawing. Shifts the pipe choice if it is wrong
Electric 3 — trim or centre clearance17′‑6″, or centre 5′‑6″ clear__________Beam lower edge is 18′‑2″ there
LS 7 curtain legs — inner edge≥ 21′‑0″ off CL__________Closer in and they shadow wall legs 2
LS 24 curtain legs — inner edge15′‑6″ off CL (13′‑1″ min)__________Inside 13′‑1″ they clip the Epson beam
LS 13 curtain legs — inner edge18′‑6″ off CL, flush with the wall legs__________Inboard of that they shadow wall legs 3
LS 22 border — split, inner edges15′‑0″ off CL__________A full‑width border here takes the top 3′ off the cyc
Border bottoms — LS 5 / 12 / 2218′‑7″ / 19′‑8″ / 21′‑4″__________Trim to hit, not a range — lower and they shave light off the panels upstage
Wall legs — finished height22′‑0″__________Top 4′ is bleed; matches the curtain legs
Lineset 6 panels7′‑0″ US / 22–26′ CL✓Outer edge sits behind the portal leg for side seats
Lineset 13 panels13′‑8″ US / 18½–22½′ CL✓8″ downstage of the lens — no beam conflict
Wall legs 2 — as‑hung lateral18′‑6″–22′‑6″ off CL__________Clears pair 1’s shadow by 1′‑3″. See §06
Wall legs 3 — lineset 23, as‑hung lateral15′‑6″–19′‑6″ off CL__________Clears pair 2’s shadow by 1′‑1″; exactly 10′‑0″ upstage of pair 2
Portal frame — opening height17′‑6″__________Header band geometry and mask
Cyc — flat or curved?Flat__________Perspective warp vs. Bézier mesh
Cyc fabric — colour and gainWhite, gain 1.0__________A blue or grey cyc changes every brightness figure
Lineset 14 capacity+80 lb__________Bare batten — bridle it to Electric 3 or dead‑hang a stub
Panasonics accept 3840×2400 input?Assumed yes, both__________Fallback is 3840×2160 on both — no map changes
Stack registration, after alignment1‑px grid line reads as one line__________Check from house centre and both extreme side seats. Photograph it as the reference
If the booth distance comes back different

This affects the tech‑booth Panasonic only; the Epson’s position is set by its own throw table in §04. The ET‑D75LE6 on this body covers 1.12–1.32:1. For a 58′‑wide image that means the lens has to sit between 65′‑0″ and 76′‑7″ from the plaster line. Inside that band, just re‑zoom. Outside it, you need a different lens — longer than about 77′ points at an ET‑D3LEU100 or ET‑D75LE20 class lens, and you should re‑run the whole calculation before ordering.